Initially, the AC75 needs massive depth in its mainsail to generate power for lift-off. A spinnaker pole is a fixed length, so it may not fit well with smaller jibs. Adjusting a mainsail halyard under load is tricky, but the Cunningham allows for on-the-fly changes to the luff tension of the main. First to check is to have a look inside your mast at which way your system should furl. Most jib cars have screw holes you can count, some may have numbers on them. To read their full article go here: UllmanSails.com. Is cunningham Irish? And in fact, old sailing rules such as the IOR rule dictated that the sail had to be attached to the boom using either a bolt rope or slides, but that has changed. Ease the sail slowly, keeping your eye on the luff of the sail. Inside the mast is an aluminium foil that takes the luff of the mainsail, and in a boom a mandrel takes the foot of the mainsail; both the foil and the mandrel revolve to roll up the sail. If the bottom telltales are streaming but not the top, you'll need to move the jib car forward. No problem! If the mainsail blankets the jib, you're at the edge or reaching and moving the cars forward can only do so much. Racers do this by seating crew up on the windward rail. As soon as the boat is foiling, that depth becomes drag and the mainsail needs to be flat. The Cunningham in the first instance is good for getting creases out of the luff. Telltales are your best tool to check your upwind trim and the airflow over your sails. A well-trimmed upwind sail will be smooth with no flutter in the middle or edges, and the tell-tales will all stream smoothly. It will decrease the apparent wind you feel and lighten the loads. You'll sail slower, but if you're not racing or trying to hit a deadline like a tide shift or sunset, speed isn't so important. Sail on starboard with wind forward of the beam for easy furling. For broad reach trim, you'll want a lot more curve in the headsail so move the cars forward. Once you've got the car position close, make one more check. It also removes twist from the sail, or can add it to depower the sail when needed. In short, feeding a line through the cunningham ring achieves the same results as taking up on the halyard without the complications. To start with, have a crew on deck to watch the sail as it furls to spot any issues. 2.1. The mainsail is used downwind but trimmed for catching wind instead of acting as a foil. In very light air, the top telltale may never trim well and all of your main trim will have to be looser. Many new sailors find wing-on-wing to be stressful and difficult because of the constant danger of an accidental jibe. This is the key to getting in-mast furling to work correctly; trying to furl on a port tack drags the full height of the sail over the side of the mast slot, adding friction where there shouldnt be any. Make sure all necessary safety equipment is onboard such as life jackets, flares etc. When you ease the sheet on a full spinnaker, eventually the luff of the sail will start to curl and flutter a little. While the mast is bending, the foil inside it remains straight; the furled sail will bind at the apex of the masts bend. Use more Cunningham trim for upwind or windy sailing and ease it off for light air and downwind conditions. The pole lets you keep a firm grip on the opening of the sail, and you can keep the opening of the sail perpendicular to the wind for the maximum draw. Easing and trimming the sheet is the primary trim adjustment you'll make under sail. This allows for more control over sail shape than simply relying on reefing or luffing (pulling in) sails manually when conditions change during sailing sessions. Measuring for a Mainsail - Sail Technology. This site is owned and operated by Truly Content. When lowering the sail, release the backstay and set the boom at the correct angle. If this has gone slack, as you furl the foil will bend and rub against the mast. Sail as close to the wind as you can, while trimming in the headsail until you see both the lower telltales stream. As the breeze picks up, the backstay pulls the middle of the mast forward, de-powering the main and giving better control of the boat and reduced heeling. Pull hard to keep draft forward as mast bends. When integrated into a 3Di sail, the Helix structured luff demands a highly engineered carbon fiber taping system, built into the sails structure by robotics and then consolidated over a three-dimensional mold. All of our mainsails come standard with partial battens, a single reef, block reinforced corners, luff sliders, cunningham, a loose foot with heavy clew slug, leech and foot lines, aluminum headboard, draft stripes, and tell tales. There's some crossover as you move across the points of sail, where your sails are providing a bit of lift with some pull. To trim your asymmetrical spinnaker, set the sail and fill it while getting onto a broad reach. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. Ease the outhaul as your furl so the sail doesnt flog but isnt loaded up either. May 20, 2008. As you head on deeper reaches, the driving shifts from pure lift (like upwind sailing) to some of pushing on the sails at the deepest points. There's no absolute position to start because every sail is different. This gives a much better shape to a broad-reaching sail. The bigger the differential, the greater the lifting force. The Cunningham generally runs from the mast to the boom and can be adjusted to become tighter or looser depending on the desired sail shape. Tension enough to keep draft at around 45%-usually a hint of luff wrinkles unless the sail is old and needs more luff tension to move draft forward. Some boats will trim a little more loosely upwind, or want the sail controls set differently from others. Flakey winds, choppy seas, the direction you're sailing and even why you're sailing affect how you can best trim your sails for that moment. To combat this, many in-boom systems have a protruding track on the trailing edge of the mast, while other units have the reefing mechanism at the aft end of the boom, or sometimes youll find a combination of both. Therefore, the sail flattens, and boat speed increases geometrically. That bit of lip curl is your trim target, and the spinnaker trimmed should keep easing the sheet to keep that little curl in place. Spinnaker trim with the sheet is a continuous process, since the sail is very sensitive to wind direction and force changes. Basically, it is a rope that acts as a downhaul, which is often connected to a cringle in the luff of the mainsail between the tack and first reef point. Please try again. Most boats have a track long enough to handle large, overlapping headsails, so the car may go much further aft than you need for a smaller sail. The cunningham controls the fore and aft position of draft in the mainsail or genoa and works together with the traveler, mainsheet, outhaul and vang to optimize sail shape and increase boatspeed. This luff curl is the key indicator on all spinnakers that your sheet trim is in the right place. Your target trim in most situations is to keep the top batten of the sail parallel with the boom. Ainslie remarked in the post-race interview that his team was missing one of the key power settings.. There are a number of issues to look out for with each system to ensure stress-free furling. To trim the sail, start sailing upwind with the boat set for upwind and the headsail fairly trimmed in. If you have laminate sails, and they have been furled away wet, try to dry them at the first opportunity. 1.6. It the top luffs first, move the car forward. Youll end up with fullness at the foot of the sail and a stretched leech, or a damaged sail. You can also use the main halyard to adjust luff, " more gains can be made from learning how to set and trim the sails you have than simply buying new sails. Theyre mechanical systems and they need to be operated correctly.. This is the core of what you're trimming for sailing downwind - keeping the wind pointed into the sails to fill them as much as possible. It consists of a block attached to the clew (the lower corner) of the mainsail with a line running from it through a cringle (a loop in the sail) at the foot (bottom) of the sail up to the upper mast area where it is attached to a line running up to another block at the masthead, which is connected to another line running down to a cleat at lower mast area where it can be adjusted as needed for different wind conditions. For most boats, backstay tension controls headstay sag, though some boats have headstay adjustments. Cunninghams are most frequently found on racing boats when fine tuning is critical. Is there a downside in having to migrate a Cunningham hook? But, what if I told you that you could own a bluewater sailboat for a fraction of the cost of a new one? The cunningham controls the fore and aft position of draft in the mainsail or genoa and works together with the traveler, mainsheet, outhaul and vang to optimize sail shape and increase boatspeed. The next thing to look at is reducing friction. We are going to have SailCare clean and refurbish the sails this winter and thought about having the cringle installed is it worth it? You can even draw a line at the car position on the track with a Sharpie (it will wear off over time) or on the deck with a pencil. [1] Watch on Not the case in the 36th America's Cup- wherein in this new age of the AC75 foiling monohull, the little Cunningham has a big job. Don't leave it eased to the shrouds and forget about it, check shape and telltales to keep it full. Depending on the yacht, there are typically two different situations: 1) Control lines that runs through blocks, with a gear ratio (e.g. You only have two sail controls - the tack line and the sheet. Sails work in the same way - more curve for power, and flatter sails for speed. This creates a lower pressure on the outside and more on the inside, with a net force pushing towards the outside of the curve. Both types offer similar benefits but may be better suited for specific boat designs or sailing styles depending on individual needs and preferences while out on the water. Racers make marks on the deck and rig for optimal halyard tension, car positions, and other trim points once they know them. An asymmetrical spinnaker is not designed for sailing deep downwind, and it will not be fast to sail too deep because it isn't efficient. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. It is hard to get the same amount of tension on the luff using the main halyard alone, as it is a straight pull onto a winch therefore the Cunningham line was invented. A combination of a pole topping lift, downhaul, and track adjusts the spinnaker pole height off the deck. Trimming the sheet means easing it until you see just a little curl, then easing it to stay on the edge of that curl as the wind changes. However, if the Cunningham can become the one control to do it all, you greatly reduce drag as well as the complexity (perfect for cruising boats and short-handed boats), in turn, it increases the reactivity (essential for fast boats). The boom vang also attaches to the base of the mast. Whichever system you choose, the most important point is to have something in place. It's a skill you can learn by understanding the basics of how the sails work and how the sail controls affect them. If you have too much tension the sail will want to roll away from the mast; if youre seeing creases running from the bottom of the track to the boom at 45, release the halyard a little more. When sailing upwind, the outhaul is usually taught, and it's eased as the point of sail moves downwind and more power and less lift is needed. The backstay affects the curve of the mast itself, so this control affects all sails on the boat. It's useful to spill wind out of the sail to depower the rig. If youre reefed, tension the outhaul to give the sail the correct shape (flatter in stronger winds and when close-hauled) then set the mainsheet and vang and away you sail. Cunningham controls lead to the crew to encourage adjustment as wind speed changes. Typical Boat Length: Small Boat: 22' - 28' (6.7 - 8.5 m) As you're learning trim, start with slight adjustments. Cunningham is a surname of Scottish origin, see Clan Cunningham. With proper care & maintenance , correct usage & necessary safety precautions taken into account , anyone beginner or veteran can start enjoying the full potential of their boat right away ! Credit: Graham Snook. Expert sailors know how to get more out of their boat with good sail trim. Be that as it may, every slab-reefed sailor knows . For lighter air, a higher pole gives more power, but a lower pole can give more speed in heavier conditions. Upon finishing the phenomenal PRADA Cup Round Robin Day 4, packed with lead changes between INEOS Team UK and Luna Rossa PRADA Pirelli, Sir Ben Ainslie described an issue on the boat: Britannias Cunningham hydraulic ram failed to work for the entire race. Youll find it easier if you can bring the boat onto the wind and release the mainsheet to remove all drive from the mainsail; if the sail is flogging its depowered and can still be furled. We adjust this with sail controls, and the wrong angle of attack can stall out or de-power a sail. Unlike a rigid airplane wing, we can trim flexible sails to induce twist as well as curving. Furling mainsails are cut flatter than conventional slab-reefing sails as accommodating the belly of the sail is problematic. Specifically, check that ALL your telltales are streaming. Your subscription could not be saved. Some boats have large travelers attached near the end of the boom that give excellent control. Repeat the ease-furl process until only the UV protection strip is showing. With the wind a little by the lee, the main will be not quite on the edge of jibing, but you'll be able to keep the jib very full and effective. Like the outhaul, this control should be eased off all the way to make the sail full when going downwind. For example, the luff of laminate sail (on a 45ft yacht) might only stretch 15mm over its lifetime, but on a polyester sail that might be as much as 15 cm. We wanted to developed a good rope for performance sailing and combine this with our sustainability goals. Basically, it is a rope that acts as a downhaul, which is often connected to a cringle in the luff of the mainsail between the tack and first reef point. 2. Sail trim when cracking off a beat onto a close reach is pretty easy - gently ease both sails to keep the telltales streaming. But the point is to record and memorize that ideal car position so you reset it again without more trial and error. When marking or limiting the boom angle, it must be easy for any crew to see, by day or night.
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